Flag of Pennsylvania Seal Nickname(s): Keystone State, Quaker State, Coal State, Oil State Motto(s): Virtue, Liberty and Independence

Capital Harrisburg Largest city Philadelphia Area  Ranked 33rd  - Total 46,055 sq mi (119,283 km²)  - Width 280 miles (455 km)  - Length 160 miles (255 km)  - % water 2.7  - Latitude 39°?43' N to 42°?16' N  - Longitude 74°?41' W to 80°?31' W Population  Ranked 6th  - Total (2000) 12,281,054  - Density 274.02/sq mi  105.80/km² (10th) Elevation    - Highest point Mount Davis[1] 3,213 ft  (979 m)  - Mean 1,099 ft  (335 m)  - Lowest point Delaware River[1] 0 ft  (0 m) Admission to Union  December 12, 1787 (2nd) Governor Ed Rendell (D) U.S. Senators Arlen Specter (R) Bob Casey, Jr. (D) Congressional Delegation List Time zone Eastern: UTC-5/-4 Abbreviations PA Penna. US-PA Web site state.pa.us This article is about the U.S. State. For other uses, see Pennsylvania (disambiguation). The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (IPA: /?p?n.s?l've?.nj?/) is a state located in the Middle Atlantic region of the United States of America. One of Pennsylvania's nicknames is the Quaker State; in colonial times, it was known officially as the Quaker Province,[2] in recognition of Quaker[3] William Penn's First Frame of Government[4] constitution for Pennsylvania that guaranteed liberty of conscience. Penn knew of the hostility[5] Quakers faced when they opposed rituals, oaths, violence, and ostentatious frippery.[6] Pennsylvania has also been known as the Keystone State since 1802,[7] based in part upon its central location among the original Thirteen Colonies forming the United States.[7] It was also a keystone state economically, having both the industry common to the North, making such wares as Conestoga wagons[8] and rifles,[9] and the agriculture common to the South, producing feed, fiber, food, and tobacco.[10] Pennsylvania has 51 miles (82 km)[11] of coastline along Lake Erie and 57 miles (92 km)[12] of shoreline along the Delaware Estuary. Philadelphia is Pennsylvania's largest city and is home to a major seaport and shipyards on the Delaware River.[13]